Vi editor

Search and replace

Replace all oldtext to newtext starting at line 1 to last line ($). s means search and g globally - not just once.

:1,$s/oldtext/newtext/g

FAQ

Syntax highlighting

To use syntax highlighting temporarily use the command :syntax on. To switch it off again use :syntax off.

To use syntax highlighting permanently use

[root@mars ~]# <input>echo "syntax on" >> $HOME/.vimrc</input>

Line numbers in vi

To use line numbers temporarily use the command :set number. To switch it off again use :set nonumber.

To use line number permanently use

[root@mars ~]# <input>echo "set number" >> $HOME/.vimrc</input>

Which editor mode are I'm in

Use showmode option. Shown below

[root@mars ~]# <input>echo "set showmode" >> $HOME/.vimrc</input>

Now you can see which mode you are in by looking at the bottom line

1. In insert mode it will write -- INSERT --
2. In replace mode it will write -- REPLACE --
3. In line command mode it will write a colon (:) in the lower left cornor of the screen.
4. In command mode - empty or everything else

Show special characters

:set list

VIM and FreeBSD malfunctioning arrow keys in insert mode

Set vim to work in nocompatible mode. Not as old vi.

[root@mars ~]# <input>echo "set nocompatible" >> $HOME/.vimrc</input>

Inserting control characters in documents

Using the <CTRL>-v and A inserts SOH (001) See ASC-II. <CTRL>-v and <ESC> inserts <ESC>. Remember capital letters.

To see non-visible characters use set list turn of again with set nolist

Forcing UTF8 in vim

Add the following lines to your $HOME/.vimrc

Note

Remember to set your terminal to UTF-8

set encoding=utf-8
set fileencoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8

or

set nocompatible
syntax off
set showmode
set tabstop=4
set encoding=utf-8
set fileencoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8

Sane C programming .vimrc

syntax on
set showmode
set tabstop=4
set number
set autoindent
set smartindent
if has("autocmd")
  au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g`\"" | endif
endif

Enhanced C programming ~/.vimrc

syntax on
set showmode
" set noet ci pi sts=0 sw=4 ts=4 - same as the next 6 lines
set noexpandtab
set copyindent
set preserveindent
set softtabstop=0
set shiftwidth=4
set tabstop=4
set number
set autoindent
set smartindent
set mouse=v
" Yank and Paste between terminal windows
set clipboard=unnamed
if has("autocmd")
  au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g`\"" | endif
endif

Programming style

• Recomended indent - 4 spaces

pip install reindent  # Pyhon reindent script
reindent my_script.py

Vim setting for python

1. Content of ~/.vimrc
2. create file history directory: mkdir ~/.vim/undodir

syntax on
set showmode
" set noet ci pi sts=0 sw=4 ts=4 - same as the next 6 lines
set noexpandtab
set copyindent
set preserveindent
set softtabstop=0
set shiftwidth=4
set tabstop=4
set number
set autoindent
set smartindent
" Yank and Paste between terminal windows
set mouse=v
set clipboard=unnamed
autocmd FileType yaml setlocal ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 expandtab
autocmd FileType tex,latex,python set showmatch
"Python Settings
autocmd FileType python set softtabstop=4
autocmd FileType python set tabstop=4
autocmd FileType python set autoindent
autocmd FileType python set expandtab
autocmd FileType python set textwidth=132
autocmd FileType python set smartindent
autocmd FileType python set shiftwidth=4
autocmd FileType python map <buffer> <F2> :w<CR>:exec '! python' shellescape(@%, 1)<CR>
autocmd FileType python imap <buffer> <F2> <esc>:w<CR>:exec '! python' shellescape(@%, 1)<CR>
if has("autocmd")
  au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g`\"" | endif
endif
"Undo file history
set undodir=~/.vim/undodir
set undofile
set undolevels=1000
set undoreload=10000

Links

• Python for data science