Difference between revisions of "Trillex linux 1"

Revision as of 13:33, 10 February 2009

Commands

logout Command

Does exactly what it says on the tin. Logs out the current user on that terminal.

shutdown Command

Shuts down the computer. When is usually described at the end of this command.

Example:
shutdown now      # Shuts down the computer NOW.

find Command

The command find find files on the filesystem.

Example:
find /            # List all files
find /etc         # List all files under the /etc directory
find / | wc -l    # List all files, but don't show them on the screen
                  # The "|" is a pipe which directs output to the
                  # wc command as input. wc is wordcount. The toggle
                  # "-l" means count lines.

ls Command

List files just like dir does it in a Windows command prompt

cat Command

The cat command shows the content of a file

Example:
cat /etc/passwd   # Shows the content of the file passwd

whereis Command

Shows the position of certain files and programs.

whereis bash      # Outputs where files named bash are

vi Command

To view files, such as certain configuration files, you'd need to make use of the vi command. It can, however, differ on what kind of viewer is in your distribution. vi is very common, though.

Example:
vi interfaces     # Views the interfaces file

file Command

Output what kind of file type it is.

Example:
file /etc/passwd  # This command will output: /etc/passwd: ASCII text meaning it's using ASCII

wc Command

wc stands for wordcount. What it does is counts specific things in a file such as lines, characters etc.

Example:
wc /var/log/dmesg # Counts lines, words and bytes in that file. Can have optional options like -l, which will only output lines. 

Important Files

The /etc Directory

passwd File

The passwd file contains all user names as well as their home directory and the shell they use.

IP Configuration Files

The configuration file(s) for common network setup is normally located in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/. It is named according to the network interface number on the computer.

In Debian-based distributions - such as Ubuntu - it is located in /etc/network/ The file in Ubuntu is called interfaces.

In normal circumstances it'd be called ifcfg.eth0 and upwards.