Difference between revisions of "Trillex linux 1"
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Shuts down the computer. When is usually described at the end of this command. | Shuts down the computer. When is usually described at the end of this command. | ||
Example: | Example: | ||
| − | shutdown now | + | shutdown now # Shuts down the computer NOW. |
=== find Command === | === find Command === | ||
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Example: | Example: | ||
| − | find / | + | find / # List all files |
| − | find /etc | + | find /etc # List all files under the /etc directory |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
=== ls Command === | === ls Command === | ||
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The '''cat''' command shows the content of a file | The '''cat''' command shows the content of a file | ||
Example: | Example: | ||
| − | cat /etc/passwd | + | cat /etc/passwd # Shows the content of the file '''passwd''' |
=== whereis Command === | === whereis Command === | ||
Shows the position of certain files and programs. | Shows the position of certain files and programs. | ||
| − | whereis bash | + | whereis bash # Outputs where files named '''bash''' are |
=== vi Command === | === vi Command === | ||
| Line 38: | Line 34: | ||
Example: | Example: | ||
| − | vi interfaces | + | vi interfaces # Views the '''interfaces''' file |
=== file Command === | === file Command === | ||
Output what kind of file type it is. | Output what kind of file type it is. | ||
| − | + | ||
Example: | Example: | ||
| − | file /etc/passwd | + | file /etc/passwd # This command will output: ''/etc/passwd: ASCII text'' meaning it's using ASCII |
=== wc Command === | === wc Command === | ||
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Example: | Example: | ||
| − | wc /var/log/dmesg # Counts lines, words and bytes in that file. Can have optional options like -l, which will only output lines. | + | wc /var/log/dmesg # Counts lines, words and bytes in that file. Can have optional options like -l, which will only output lines. |
| + | |||
| + | == The Pipe Sign == | ||
| + | The Pipe Sign '''|''' (Alt + 0166) is a sign that takes the output from one command and puts it into another. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Example: | ||
| + | cat /etc/passwd | wc -l # This will take the output of '''cat''' and process it through '''wc -l'''. It will then output the amount of lines in the file '''passwd'''. | ||
== Important Files == | == Important Files == | ||
Revision as of 14:00, 10 February 2009
Contents
Commands and Important Tools/Files
Commands
logout Command
Does exactly what it says on the tin. Logs out the current user on that terminal.
shutdown Command
Shuts down the computer. When is usually described at the end of this command.
Example: shutdown now # Shuts down the computer NOW.
find Command
The command find find files on the filesystem.
Example: find / # List all files find /etc # List all files under the /etc directory
ls Command
List files just like dir does it in a Windows command prompt
cat Command
The cat command shows the content of a file
Example: cat /etc/passwd # Shows the content of the file passwd
whereis Command
Shows the position of certain files and programs.
whereis bash # Outputs where files named bash are
vi Command
To view files, such as certain configuration files, you'd need to make use of the vi command. It can, however, differ on what kind of viewer is in your distribution. vi is very common, though.
Example: vi interfaces # Views the interfaces file
file Command
Output what kind of file type it is.
Example: file /etc/passwd # This command will output: /etc/passwd: ASCII text meaning it's using ASCII
wc Command
wc stands for wordcount. What it does is counts specific things in a file such as lines, characters etc.
Example: wc /var/log/dmesg # Counts lines, words and bytes in that file. Can have optional options like -l, which will only output lines.
The Pipe Sign
The Pipe Sign | (Alt + 0166) is a sign that takes the output from one command and puts it into another.
Example: cat /etc/passwd | wc -l # This will take the output of cat and process it through wc -l. It will then output the amount of lines in the file passwd.
Important Files
The /etc Directory
passwd File
The passwd file contains all user names as well as their home directory and the shell they use.
IP Configuration Files
The configuration file(s) for common network setup is normally located in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/. It is named according to the network interface number on the computer.
In Debian-based distributions - such as Ubuntu - it is located in /etc/network/ The file in Ubuntu is called interfaces.
In normal circumstances it'd be called ifcfg.eth0 and upwards.