CCNP TSHOOT Learning Guide/Chapter 5
From Teknologisk videncenter
Maintaining and Troubleshooting Routing Solutions
Contents
Redistributiuon
Protocol | Default Seed Metric |
---|---|
RIP | Infinity |
IGRP/EIGRP | Infinity |
OSPF | 20 except from BGP then 1 |
ISIS | 0 |
BGP | IGP |
Redistribute from OSPF to EIGRP
Example
router eigrp 1
redistribute ospf 100 metric 64 10000 255 1 1500
IOS Commands to verify Routing Functions
Verifying and Troubleshooting Route Propagation
Debug ip routing
R1#<input>debug ip routing</input>
IP routing debugging is on
R1#<input>clear ip eigrp 1 neighbors</input>
R1#
Jun 18 12:45:44: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: <notice>Nei 10.1.2.1 (Fa0/1) is down: manually cleared</notice>
Jun 18 12:45:44: RT: delete route to 10.1.10.0 via 10.1.2.1, eigrp metric [90/28416]
Jun 18 12:45:44: RT: no routes to 10.1.10.0
Jun 18 12:45:44: RT: NET-RED 10.1.10.0/24
<notice>...OUTPUT OMITTED...</notice>
Jun 18 12:45:44: RT: NET-RED 10.1.200.0/24
Jun 18 12:45:46: RT: NET-RED 0.0.0.0/0
Jun 18 12:45:47: %DUAL-5-NBRCHANGE: IP-EIGRP(0) 1: <notice>Nei 10.1.2.1 (Fa0/1) is up: new adjacency</notice>
Jun 18 12:45:47: RT: network 10.0.0.0 is now variably masked
Jun 18 12:45:47: RT: add 10.1.10.0/24 via 10.1.2.1, eigrp metric [90/28416]
Jun 18 12:45:47: RT: NET-RED 10.1.10.0/24
Jun 18 12:45:47: RT: add 10.1.20.0/24 via 10.1.2.1, eigrp metric [90/28416]
<notice>...OUTPUT OMITTED...</notice>
Jun 18 12:45:47: RT: add 10.1.203.1/32 via 10.1.2.1, eigrp metric [90/158976]
Jun 18 12:45:47: RT: NET-RED 10.1.203.1/32
R1#<input>no debug ip routing</input>
IP routing debugging is off
Route Profiling
R1(config)#<input>ip route profile</input>
R1(config)#<input>^Z</input>
Jun 18 12:46:41.803: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R1#<input>sh ip route profile</input>
IP routing table change statistics:
Frequency of changes in a 5 second sampling interval
-------------------------------------------------------------
Change/ Fwd-path Prefix Nexthop Pathcount Prefix
interval change add change change refresh
-------------------------------------------------------------
0 2 2 2 2 1
1 0 0 0 0 1
2 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0
15 0 0 0 0 0
20 0 0 0 0 0
25 0 0 0 0 0
30 0 0 0 0 0
55 0 0 0 0 0
80 0 0 0 0 0
105 0 0 0 0 0
130 0 0 0 0 0
155 0 0 0 0 0
280 0 0 0 0 0
405 0 0 0 0 0
-------------------------------------------------------------
Change/ Fwd-path Prefix Nexthop Pathcount Prefix
interval change add change change refresh
-------------------------------------------------------------
530 0 0 0 0 0
655 0 0 0 0 0
780 0 0 0 0 0
1405 0 0 0 0 0
2030 0 0 0 0 0
2655 0 0 0 0 0
3280 0 0 0 0 0
3905 0 0 0 0 0
7030 0 0 0 0 0
10155 0 0 0 0 0
13280 0 0 0 0 0
Overflow 0 0 0 0 0
R1#<input>conf t</input>
R1(config)#<input>no ip route profile</input>
show ip cef
SW1#show ip cef exact-route 172.16.4.16 192.168.22.73
172.16.4.16 -> 192.168.22.73 => IP adj out of Vlan1, addr 172.16.4.16
Route-maps
prefix lists
Troubleshooting EIGRP
EIGRP uses three tables
- interface table:
Table | Description |
---|---|
Interface | Contains list of all interfaces that have been enabled for processing of EIGRP packets. Passive interfaces are not listed in this table. |
Neighbor | Keeps track of all active EIGRP neighbors. Neighbours are added on the reception of hello packet and are removed when the hold-time expires or when the associated interface goes down or removed from the Interface table. This table also keeps track on status on Routing information exchanged. |
Topology | Holds all Routes received from neighbors, locally injected or redistributed into EIGRP. EIGRP selects the best routes from this table based on the DUAL algorithm. |
Monitoring EIGRP
show commands
- show ip eigrp interface
- show ip eigrp neighbors
- show ip eigrp topology
debug commands
- debug ip routing
- debug eigrp packets - Many options here (terse - except hello packets)
- debug ip eigrp neighbor as-number network mask
- debug ip eigrp as-number network mask - limit info. from debug eigrp packets
Examples
R1#<input>sh ip protocols</input>
Routing Protocol is "eigrp 1"
Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set
Default networks flagged in outgoing updates
Default networks accepted from incoming updates
EIGRP metric weight K1=1, K2=0, K3=1, K4=0, K5=0
EIGRP maximum hopcount 100
EIGRP maximum metric variance 1
Redistributing: static, eigrp 1
EIGRP NSF-aware route hold timer is 240s
Automatic network summarization is not in effect
Maximum path: 4
Routing for Networks:
10.1.2.0/30
192.168.1.1/32
Passive Interface(s):
FastEthernet0/0
Service-Engine0/1
Serial0/0/0
Serial0/0/1
ATM0/3/0
NVI0
Loopback0
Passive Interface(s):
VoIP-Null0
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway Distance Last Update
10.1.2.1 90 00:07:33
Distance: internal 90 external 170
Many options debugging eigrp
R1#<input>debug eigrp packets ?</input>
SIAquery EIGRP SIA-Query packets
SIAreply EIGRP SIA-Reply packets
ack EIGRP ack packets
hello EIGRP hello packets
ipxsap EIGRP ipxsap packets
probe EIGRP probe packets
query EIGRP query packets
reply EIGRP reply packets
request EIGRP request packets
retry EIGRP retransmissions
stub EIGRP stub packets
terse Display all EIGRP packets except Hellos
update EIGRP update packets
verbose Display all EIGRP packets
<cr>
Troubleshooting OSPF
Table | Description |
---|---|
Interface table | List all interfaces enabled for OSPF. The directly connected subnets are included in the TYPE-1 Router LSA the Router injects into the OSPF link-state database. Passive-interfaces is listed in the tables |
Neighbor table | Used to keep track of all OSPF neighbors. Neighbors are added on the reception of a hello packet and removed when the dead-time expires or when the associated interface goes down. |
Link State database | Main data structure containing all network topology information for the OSPF process. |
Routing Information Base | Contains results from the SPF algorithm. OSPF offers the contents of the RIB to the Routing Table. |
INSERT TABLE 5.2 and FIGURE 5.3 from page 168
Cisco IOS OSPF commands
Show commands
- show ip ospf interface
- show ip ospf neighbor
- show ip ospf datatbase
- show ip ospf statistics
debug commands
- debug ip routing
- debug ip ospf packet
- debug ip ospf adj
- debug ip ospf monitor